How to implement RFID location tracking based on the Internet of Things

This system is specially designed for prisons, detention centers, labor camps, compulsory detoxification centers, and mentally disabled care centers. It provides products and solutions based on the Internet of Things RFID technology to identify, name, locate and track people and objects. Precise positioning is a secondary positioning concept with smaller positioning errors introduced at the same time as the original base station method, which greatly enhances the reliability and implementation of the system.

Background

Supervision places such as prisons and detention centers are an important part of the state machinery, and they bear the important mission of implementing legal disciplines and educational reforms. At present, China is in a period of social transformation. Due to the increasing number of detained persons suspected of economic and violence, there are also many recidivists and recidivists, and the detainees' means of resistance are constantly being renovated.

Since the current period, there has been a grim situation in the safety of supervision places and detention centers, and major and vicious supervision safety incidents have occurred from time to time. Since 2009, we can see from the public media that hundreds of detainees in supervision places have fled, held police officers, and endangered police officers. Major vicious regulatory accidents in personal safety.

In recent years, higher-level leadership departments have successively issued documents calling for careful research on management measures and technical precautions to ensure the safe and stable operation of supervision places and detention centers, and in particular to ensure the personal safety of police officers.

1. Comprehensively analyze the causes of regulatory accidents. The following issues exist objectively in the safety guarantee of regulatory sites:

① The police force in the supervision places is generally insufficient, and it is impossible to achieve comprehensive supervision of the supervised objects. Due to China's historical accumulation, the proportion of police officers in supervision places is relatively low. For detention centers, the Ministry of Public Security requires that 12 civilian police be provided for every 100 detainees, but currently many monitoring places have not met this requirement. However, due to the conditions, the police force cannot be increased significantly, which makes the security protection of the supervision places restricted by configuration.

② Overtime and overpressure work of ordinary civilian police in supervision places has become the norm. In addition, due to fatigue, negligence and other reasons, it is easy to cause irregular law enforcement, and artificial regulatory security loopholes often appear. Supervisors in supervisory places generally feel that work intensity is high and the risk of law enforcement is high, especially the pressure to ensure safety and stability.

③ There are a large number of security technology means at the monitoring site, including video surveillance, infrared, access control, power grid, monitoring and other systems. Due to technical and investment reasons, it is not possible to achieve full regional coverage, and there are a large number of dead spots for monitoring. At the same time, the existing security technology is passive and cannot achieve individual monitoring. It needs to consume a large amount of police force to participate in monitoring and perform manual analysis or management. As a result, the monitoring scope is small, the real-time performance is weak, and the accident prevention is poor. Role.

2. Specific challenges facing the management of current regulatory sites

① It is impossible to accurately grasp the position and number of detainees in real time. Accurately grasping the number and location of detainees at the supervision place is the first factor to ensure the safety of the supervision place. Supervisors of supervisory sites need to know in real time whether the detainees are out of control, illegally entering or leaving specific areas, or illegally approaching key facilities. At present, the means of confirming the number and location of supervision places are very primitive, mainly relying on the manual judgment of the police, such as reporting the number of detainees and manually counting the number of police. The detainees are constantly moving between different areas, such as from prisons to factories and event venues. This requires the police officers to have a very high sense of responsibility and concentration. If the police officers are slightly inattentive, they can easily be caught in the muddy waters of the detainees; and there is no way to avoid the situation of individual supervisors concealing reports and covering the detainees. Under current conditions, tracking where and where each detainee is, and the historical activity track is cumbersome. Due to security reasons at night, the police cannot enter the prison room. Only by visual inspection, there is no way to make a roll call. In addition, the total number of people in the entire supervision place is reported by the police one by one, and the summary is very slow and not time-effective.

② The unique identification of the detainees cannot be strictly performed without error. The identification of the current supervision place is still relatively primitive. It mainly depends on the self-reported names of the detainees or the identification of the police, but each of them manages dozens or even hundreds of detainees. Personnel, it is difficult to guarantee that they will not make mistakes, because human attention cannot be concentrated for a long time, which is objective physiology

law. The detainees are all bald and wearing the same clothes. After a long period of detention, it is very easy to be mistaken. In case of twins and the same name and same name, it is even more troublesome. In some places of supervision, mistakes have been made in the detention of persons with the same name and detainees with the same name.

How to implement RFID location tracking based on the Internet of Things

③ The reporting and alarm methods are not concealed, and it is inconvenient to report the alarm mainly by the abuse report device on the wall of the prison room. However, under special circumstances, detainees are afraid to open the reporting device; when the detainee is attacked, there may be no way to press the reporting device; at night, the detainee may have a heart attack, etc. There may be no way or too late to press the reporting device on the wall . In addition, there is a lack of a safe and timely reporting method for relevant personnel such as ears and eyes, and it is difficult to balance efficiency and protection of eyes and eyes.

④ It is difficult to monitor the detainees temporarily. It is difficult to go out temporarily, such as to seek medical treatment, to identify the place, etc., which is the link with the highest probability of escape for the detainees. At present, they mainly rely on police forces and equipment, without other technical means to assist. At the same time, as soon as the detainees leave the detention facility, the supervisors of the supervision facility can only understand the situation through phone calls one by one, often knowing that the accident has been passive.

⑤ The efficiency of mobile alarm is not high. Supervised places need to know whether police officers are on duty, and need to know the location of police officers in real time. In the event of an emergency, police officers can be arranged to deal with it nearby. At present, it can only be found one by one through intercom and video surveillance, which is not efficient enough. At the same time, when an police officer encounters an emergency, he can only call for help through a walkie-talkie, and lacks a covert alarm method.

⑥ Temporary workers often encounter installation and maintenance of equipment or systems without precise monitoring of supervision and control places. They need to be handled by personnel from outside units. They frequently enter and exit supervision places. Currently, their activities are mainly monitored by police. If the police cannot meet the real-time supervision, there may be places where temporary workers should not enter and exit. For meetings with lawyers, procuratorates, family members, etc., management has not been effective and accurate monitoring. There is no way to judge whether the police are accompanied by the whole process and whether the meeting has timed out.

⑦Consumer manual bookkeeping is inefficient and error-prone During manual consumption, manual bookkeeping is often prone to errors and consumes manpower. Tipping cards were issued in some places of supervision, but because of fear of accidents, they did not dare to issue cards to detainees, resulting in a system that was virtually useless.

3.Summary

Therefore, in a very special environment such as a supervision place, how to use technical means to monitor the individual and specific areas of the supervision more effectively, so as to prevent the detainees from escaping, suicide, sudden death and other accidents more accurately and controllably? In the case of too many video surveillance probes and limited monitoring manpower, which leads to uncontrolled surveillance, is there a reliable technology to improve it? Is there a more advanced and efficient, economical and practical, proactive early warning technology solution focusing on precise management? What kind of new technology solution can we adopt to build a cost-effective, high-efficiency science and technology police project? In reality, there is a strong and urgent need for security protection. In the face of the above problems, we must find a satisfactory answer. In order to effectively strengthen the safety of the supervision place, it is necessary to achieve full-automatic, full-coverage and active monitoring in terms of security technology to achieve individual management. When an abnormal event occurs, the police can initiate an active alarm at any time, reminding the police to intervene in the analysis and take corresponding measures. Measures to completely prevent the occurrence of major malignant supervision accidents in supervision places.

4. Construction goals

Informatization construction is for business services. First of all, it must meet the two points of usefulness and practicality. Secondly, it cannot add too much workload to existing personnel, whether it is learning, training, or daily civilian police in the process of use. In addition, taking into account the special circumstances of the supervision site, during the construction and actual use, it is not possible to cause any harm or other risks to the police and detainees!

① Ensuring the strict implementation of norms and systems, realizing more active and precise management, real-time positioning of all police officers and detainees in full supervision places and even out, fully automatic, full coverage and active monitoring, and can record related trajectories on file. At the same time, by setting relevant alarm rules, alert some behaviors, such as detainees entering areas that should not be entered, and police failing to patrol according to prescribed routes. All these systems are automatically documented, traceable and auditable to ensure that relevant norms and systems can be strictly enforced. Even through the analysis of individual behaviors, warnings and alarms for violations by police officers and detainees can be realized, and passive actions can be taken to prevent major malignant supervision accidents in supervision places, making management more active, more sophisticated, and more effective.

② From passive to active security, increase hidden active reporting and alarm functions. At the same time, by setting relevant alarm rules, alert some behaviors, such as detainees entering areas that should not enter, and automatically calling to find their missing alarms. These alarms are all It can be linked with video to completely solve the problem of uncontrollable surveillance and change passive security to active security.

③ Reducing the burden of the police, asking the police for information technology construction is to serve the police, so that the police can focus more on supervision rather than information systems. Everything in this system is automatically sensed, and integrated with the existing security and access control card system in the supervision place, which truly pushes the informationization of the supervision place to intelligence and automation.

5. System advantages

According to implementation experience, taking into account the special circumstances of regulatory sites, and active radio frequency technology is relatively new, in order to better implement this system, we need to solve core technical issues such as large-scale data processing. Whether these core technical problems can be solved well directly affects whether the entire software system can achieve the ideal application effect.

① Safety first

Information security is in place. Considering that the regulatory place is more sensitive, information security is very important. The entire system uses a dedicated radio frequency protocol and a special encryption algorithm to avoid the use of wireless protocols such as WIFI, which greatly reduces the access through the radio frequency communication network. The possibility of access to the internal data network of the premises.

Safety to human body:

The radio frequency signal receiving base station itself only accepts signals in this frequency band and does not send any other signals. The radio frequency signals generated by radio frequency electronic wristband positioning tags are in full compliance with national electromagnetic radiation protection regulations (GB9175-88, GB8702-88). The identity electronic identity uses special anti-allergic materials and has passed relevant national tests to ensure that it will not cause skin allergies when worn.

② Guarantee system reliability

Stability and reliability are the biggest challenges, and often false negatives and false positives are absolutely not allowed. Base station deployment redundancy design In order to improve reliability, when deploying a radio frequency signal receiving base station, redundancy should be considered as much as possible to ensure that signals from any radio frequency electronic wristband positioning tag can be simultaneously received by multiple radio frequency signal receiving base stations. This ensures that in the event of a failure of the individual radio frequency signal receiving base station, it can still ensure that all signals sent by the radio frequency electronic wristband tag such as heartbeat, positioning, alarm, and insufficient battery signals can be reliably transmitted. For a large number of people, the special communication frequency is adopted without omitting the main communication frequency. The diffraction and penetration ability is relatively strong, ensuring that the RF electronic wristband positioning tag is placed in any position, any direction of the person, or The detainees were consciously blocked by their bodies and could be read reliably. At the same time, we have successfully solved the problems of long distance, large flow, ultra-low power consumption, and fundamentally improved the performance of the product. This ensures that the system can effectively reduce the collision rate of radio frequency positioning signals in the air in the case of high-density radio frequency electronic wristband positioning tags, and greatly reduce the probability of radio frequency signal receiving loss. In the case of a large number of radio frequency electronic wristband tags gathered, it is possible to reliably receive the signals of each electronic wristband positioning tag, ensure the reliability of key signal transmission such as police officers, detainees calling and alarm, and fully meet the key requirements of the safety of the supervision place .

③ precise positioning

The unique two-level positioning mode greatly enhances positioning accuracy. The channel management module can accurately determine the entry and exit directions, effectively avoiding misjudgments and preventing false entry and exit situations. The electronic identity is designed with scientific structure and one-time plastic packaging to realize lightning protection, waterproof, mildew resistance, and impact resistance, which meets the requirements of the industrial environment. The unique snap-in design makes disassembly and assembly very convenient. Special tools are required to remove it. At the same time, the internal current loop design of the wristband positioning label can ensure that when the identity is damaged (such as cutting, buckle damage, etc.), the identity can signal the system to alarm. .

④ Highly compatible with scalability

In the future, more applications such as asset management, vehicle management, and equipment management can be directly and quickly deployed on existing platforms. Interfaces with security, office, application and other systems are reserved for rapid integration and synergy.

⑤ Integration with other systems

Multi-card integration, the system uses RFID radio frequency technology to realize identification, positioning, and tracking, so it can be seamlessly integrated with other RFID radio frequency equipment in regulatory places. Realize the following functions: The electronic identity of the detainee can also be integrated with the detainee's card at the same time, which can integrate with the detainee's relatives' meeting and pocket money consumption and other systems, so that the detainee can directly use the electronic identity for meeting registration, card swiping and daily supervision Consumption swiping makes the electronic identity a component that needs to be used daily during the prisoner's sentence, reduces the resistance of the detainee and prevents the detainee from intentionally damaging the electronic identity. Police radio frequency identification cards can be integrated with radio frequency systems such as police card access control, inspection, etc., to achieve multi-card integration. Police officers can carry out positioning, inspection, access control and other functions by only carrying radio frequency identification cards. It is seamlessly connected with the regulatory business platform. The interface between the system and the management information system of the regulatory site can provide a two-way interface for data acquisition and data services in the form of WEB services based on the specified data interface standards and based on the SOA architecture. Interfaces with various existing supervisory location management information systems in the supervisory location, mainly including obtaining basic information such as radio frequency identification cards and electronic identity-related police officers, detainees' names, genders, and photos from the existing supervisory location management information system Data, management levels of detainees, etc. In this system, the information of detainees and police officers can be accessed at any time. Convenient maintenance. The system should provide automatic maintenance functions for electronic identity and positioning equipment, and other radio frequency signal receiving base stations should provide maintenance functions such as fault detection and software network upgrades to reduce system maintenance costs.