Application of vision positioning system in laser welding

Laser welding is a flexible processing method that is commonly used in modern industrial production processes. In the current laser welding process of 3C metal small workpieces that are frequently used, the workpieces to be processed are usually small, and the welding trajectory precision is relatively high. The existing operations are mainly manual production and human eye alignment . In addition to the disadvantages of complicated aligning procedures and low production efficiency, due to factors such as visual fatigue caused by long-term manual work, welding quality, consistency, and stability cannot be effectively guaranteed.

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Vision positioning technology is introduced during laser welding operation to provide positioning parameters for the movement of laser welding equipment, which can achieve high-precision laser welding. While effectively improving work efficiency, the above-mentioned defects can also be avoided, and the production process can be improved, thereby greatly saving system costs.

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The main functions of machine vision in this process are: automatic identification of incoming workpieces, distinguishing between welding areas of different workpieces, and automatic accurate search and positioning of the areas to be welded preset for each workpiece. After the welding area is accurately positioned automatically, the welding position coordinates are output in real time through data communication, and the laser is guided to perform precise welding with a preset trajectory. In advanced welding applications, you can also use software upgrades to re-check the size, position, and appearance of welding marks after welding is completed, to achieve real-time monitoring of welding quality during the production process, and greatly improve production efficiency.

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How vision positioning systems work

The program consists of three parts: the vision image vision system, the laser welding system, and the movement mechanism. The connection is established through the calibration of the vision system. The calibration is divided into two parts. First, the vision system and the laser welding system use a high-precision nine-point calibration algorithm to unify the vision system coordinate system and the laser welding coordinate system. The other part of the calibration is the coordinate system calibration between the vision system and the welding head of the moving mechanism.

In actual welding production, the position and angle of welding are first calculated, and the offset is sent to the movement mechanism. The movement mechanism uses the position deviation to adjust the position of the welding head, and the laser welding system uses the position and angle deviation to adjust the welding. Graphical and welding accurate location. In the positioning calculation process, the geometric contour matching positioning algorithm is used, and the repeated positioning accuracy can reach 1/40 sub-pixel, and it is not affected by uneven light. In addition, combined with the line-finding and point-finding tools, it is convenient to accurately locate various features.

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In this application process, machine vision not only greatly reduces the labor cost of production, but also improves the production efficiency and yield.